Format: Article

Global Impact and BBB’s Give.org partner to advance accountability among charities working internationally

Arlington, VA (Aug. 7, 2019) – BBB Wise Giving Alliance (BBB’s Give.org) and Global Impact, a leader in growing global philanthropy, will work together to promote transparency and high standards of conduct among U.S. charities working internationally.

Global Impact finds great value in BBB’s Give.org evaluation process and the information it provides to help donors make informed giving decisions. The organization will promote the evaluation to its alliance of international charity partners. “At Global Impact, we know it is important for donors to have tools that help make strategic giving decisions. BBB’s Give.org is a useful tool and we look forward to promoting evaluation within our network,” said Scott Jackson, president and CEO of Global Impact.

“This new opportunity will help raise awareness about how critical accountability and vetting are for donors, charities and companies alike,” said H. Art Taylor, BBB’s Give.org president and CEO. The 20 BBB Standards for Charity Accountability cover charity governance, results reporting, finances, fundraising, appeal accuracy and other issues. There is no charge to charities for the evaluation, and reports are available free of charge on Give.org.

About BBB Wise Giving Alliance:

BBB Wise Giving Alliance (BBB’s Give.org) is a standards-based charity evaluator that seeks to verify the trustworthiness of nationally-soliciting charities by completing rigorous evaluations based on 20 holistic standards that address charity governance, results reporting, finances, fundraising, appeal accuracy and other issues. National charity reports are produced by the BBB’s Give.org and local charity reports are produced by local Better Business Bureaus – all reports are available at Give.org.

About Global Impact:

Global Impact is a leader in growing global philanthropy. The organization builds partnerships and raises resources that help the world’s most vulnerable people by providing integrated, partner-specific advisory and backbone services; workplace fundraising and representation; campaign design, marketing and implementation for workplace and signature fundraising campaigns; and fiscal agency and technology services. Global Impact partners with hundreds of public and private sector workplace giving campaigns to generate funding for an alliance of more than 100 of the most respected international charities.

Learn more at charity.org.

MEDIA CONTACTS: For more information, contact Elvia Castro (703-247-9322 or ecastro@give.org) or Micaela Vivero (703-717-5265 or micaela.vivero@charity.org).

July 17, 2020
Wise Giving Wednesday: The Number of U.S. Charities
Each year the U.S. Internal Revenue Service produces a Data Book that provides information and statistics about returns filed, taxes collected and related issues such as data on tax-exempt organizations. The 2018 Data Book which was released several months ago includes a table which shows the number of tax-exempt organizations. There are 20 different categories that fall under section 501(c) of the Internal Revenue Code which includes various types of organizations (including, but not limited to, labor unions, lobbying organizations, business leagues, recreation clubs, fraternal groups, benevolent life insurance companies, etc.). For 2018, the IRS reports that the combined total number of organizations under this 501(c) category was 1,682,091.

The largest of these categories in terms of the number of organizations, is section 501(c)(3) which covers charitable organizations. The IRS reports that in 2018 there were 1,327,714 organizations that were included in this 501(c)(3) charitable tax-exempt status. That total represents 78% of the combined total number of 501(c) groups referenced above.

The actual total number of charities in the U.S., however, may be a bit higher than 1,327,714 for several reasons:
- Houses of worship (churches, synagogues, mosques, etc.) are not required to file for 501(c)(3) status in order to have charitable tax-exempt status. It is estimated that there are about 350,000 religious congregations in the U.S.
- If an organization that operates under the IRS definition of a charity has gross revenue of less than $5,000, it is not required to apply for 501(c)(3) in order to have this charitable tax-exempt status.
- Some organizations may fall under a group exemption letter held by a parent organization.
While that 1.33 million total is huge, keep in mind that most of these charities are very small. More than half of them bring in $50,000 or less and do not fill out the IRS Form 990. Instead, they complete the IRS Form 990-N which is a type of electronic postcard that confirms they continue to operate. The remainders complete either IRS Form 990-EZ (gross income between $50,000 and $200,000) or the full IRS Form 990 ($200,000 or more in gross revenue.) Also this group includes about 87,000 private foundations (in general, these are private or corporate foundations that give out grants and do not solicit) which complete the IRS Form 990-PF.

Finally, the total number of charities has been growing. As shown in the IRS Data Book for the past five years, the total average gain in the number of 501(c)(3) organizations has been about 42,000 charities per year. This average increase incorporates newly formed organizations and reflects subtractions of those that have either lost their exempt status or ceased operations:

Number of 501(c)(3) tax-exempt charities

2014 1,117,941
2015 1,184,547
2016 1,237,094
2017 1,286,181
2018 1,327,714

While some may view this growth as creating a challenging choice for donors, others see the size of this sector as an asset that generates new ideas and approaches to problems and issues facing society. In turn, we believe the 20 BBB Standards for Charity Accountability provides helpful guidance for both new as well as existing charities and helps donors identify trustworthy organizations.

Video of the Week

As part of our Building Trust Video Series, we are pleased to provide a video of Laurel Lyle, Vice President, Development, Operations and Fundraising Programs at Cure Alzheimer’s Fund (a BBB Accredited Charity) that seeks to accelerate research and focus exclusively on finding a cure for Alzheimer’s disease. The organization supports research projects that pursue a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of action of the genes and variants with the biggest impact on risk and timing of Alzheimer’s disease.

Recent Reports

We are always working with charities to publish or update reports for donors. Visit Give.org or local BBBs to check out any charity before giving. Our recently evaluated charities include:
Finally, remember to let us know by going to www.give.org/charity-inquiry if you are interested in seeing a report on a charity not on the list and we will do our best to produce one

H. Art Taylor, President and CEO
BBB Wise Giving Alliance
July 17, 2020
Wise Giving Wednesday: Fundraising Evolves in Response to COVID-19
Yesterday, an article in The Chronicle of Philanthropy caught our attention: “Street Canvassers Switch to Telemarketing and Donor Stewardship During Pandemic.” Armed with their electronic pads and shirts/vests that proudly display a charity name and logo, sidewalk solicitors became a popular fundraising technique in most metropolitan areas. Unfortunately, COVID-19 put the brakes on this development method as we remain six feet apart and practice social distancing. While face-to-face fundraising is not likely to return in the immediate future, the Chronicle reports that some organizations are using telemarketing as an alternative approach to get new donors, especially those contributors who are willing to make automatic monthly gifts similar to the ones promoted in sidewalk solicitation. If managed well, this might work out but charities will need to be mindful that cold call telemarketing, contacting individuals who have never contributed previously, can sometimes result in a low rate of return and higher fundraising expense. Nevertheless, this may enable organizations to effectively redirect the skills of in-person marketers to another medium.

With the cancellation of other in-person fundraising methods such as galas, dinners, walkathons and other social gatherings, charities have turned to virtual alternatives to help fill the gap. These can range anywhere from online auctions and game tournaments to virtual walks where participants take photos and share their individual experiences online, instead of as a group. To some extent, these creative choices are helping charities move more of their fundraising online sooner than expected. And, it is possible that such active online engagement might help encourage younger individuals to become contributors. For now, perhaps that is one of the silver linings that coronavirus has brought to philanthropy. Of course, there still is much uncertainty about how charities can best make up for the contribution losses many have experienced. Let’s hope the charitable sector finds more silver linings.

Video of the Week

As part of our Building Trust Video Series, we are pleased to provide a video interview with Kim Callinan, President and CEO, Compassion & Choices (a BBB Accredited Charity) that seeks to provide education, advocacy, media outreach and litigation to expand end-of-life options and improve medical care. The organization reports it works nationwide in state legislatures, Congress, courts, medical settings and communities to empower people with information and tools, including its free consultation program, to receive healthcare that is consistent with their values and priorities as they approach the end of life.

Recent Reports

We are always working with charities to publish or update reports for donors. Visit Give.org or local BBBs to check out any charity before giving. Our recently evaluated charities include:
Finally, remember to let us know by going to www.give.org/charity-inquiry if you are interested in seeing a report on a charity not on the list and we will do our best to produce one.

H. Art Taylor, President & CEO
BBB Wise Giving Alliance
July 17, 2020
Wise Giving Wednesday: Give.org Donor Trust Report – A Closer Look at Generational Differences
As the mid-term elections were held yesterday, most of us will be scrutinizing results by the time this is posted. One election factor that has been mentioned in media numerous times is the spotlight on the volume of younger voters. Just as there are generational differences in voting participation, our research has shown there are generational differences in how people trust charities. This blog will be the first in a series that will take a closer look at the Give.org Donor Trust Report that was released by BBB Wise Giving Alliance on October 25^th.

Factors Impacting Donor Perception of Trust. The Give.org Donors Trust Report shows that different factors impact trust vary among the generations. While 56% matures (ages 72-89) recognize the value of third-party evaluations of charities, such as the charity reports produced by BBB Wise Giving Alliance and BBBs, younger generations tend to lean more heavily on other considerations. Specifically, 46% of Generation Z (ages 18-19) believe that the perceived passion and/or sincerity of the solicitation was their strongest trust indicator followed by appealing stories, 37%.

Most Trusted Charity Types. Generations also differed in the types of charities they trusted most. About 45% of Matures highly trusted religious organizations, while only 29% of Millennials (ages 20-36) felt the same way. In contrast, Millennials and Generation Z highly trusted environmental groups (24% and 22%) and international relief charities (25% and 24%) far more than Matures (9% and 9%).

Is Verifying Trust Difficult? Matures were more skeptical, 49% believed it was difficult to verify trust in charities. However, only 38% of Millennials and 33% of Generation Z felt it was difficult. This result coupled with the generational trust triggers differences referenced above could lead younger donors into faulty giving decisions.

To find out more about generational differences in donor trust, access the full report: Give.org Donor Trust Report.

Podcast on the Give.org Donor Trust Report

We are pleased to provide access to a BBB podcast that provides highlights of the Give.org Donor Trust Report. It features an interview with two member of the BBB Wise Giving Alliance staff: Elvia Castro, Manager, Regional Charity Reporting and Bennett Weiner, Chief Operating Officer.

Recent Reports

We are always working with charities to publish or update reports for donors. Visit Give.org or local BBBs to check out any charity before giving. Our recently evaluated charities include:
Finally, remember to let us know by going to give.org/charity-inquiry if you are interested in seeing a report on a charity not on the list and we will do our best to produce one.
H. Art Taylor, President & CEO BBB Wise Giving Alliance
July 17, 2020
Charities Urged to Crush Overhead Myth and Take Actions Toward an Overhead Solution

Washington, DC – October 21, 2014 – As Americans donate generously this holiday season, the three CEOs of the leading information sources on nonprofits – GuideStar, Charity Navigator and BBB Wise Giving Alliance – issued a joint letter urging charities to help crush the false notion that overhead ratios serve as the sole basis for trusting a charity and to help move toward an Overhead Solution by demonstrating ethical practices, managing towards results and educating funders.

The Overhead Myth campaign is a continuing collaboration among the three major nonprofit information providers which distributed a joint letter last year to the donors of America denouncing the overhead ratio as a primary measure of charity performance. This year’s open letter published on www.overheadmyth.com is addressed to nonprofit organizations – and asks for their help in moving toward an Overhead Solution by:

1)   Demonstrating ethical practice and sharing data about performance by informing donors about their goals, strategies, management and governance.

2)   Managing toward results by using performance-based management systems and understanding the true costs of achieving their mission.

3)   Educating donors, especially in fundraising materials, about how they accomplish their charity work and not spotlighting financial ratios as a major way to confirm trust.

“Based on the overwhelming response to our first letter to the donors of America, we know that the nonprofit sector is hungry to dispel the Overhead Myth,” said Jacob Harold, President and CEO of GuideStar. “Our second letter, addressed directly to nonprofits, builds on that momentum by providing actionable steps so nonprofit leaders can focus on meaningful and measurable results rather than misleading, simplistic overhead ratios.”

The open letter and supporting materials and resources offered at overheadmyth.com is under a Creative Commons license and nonprofit organizations are encouraged to print it for free and use it how they wish.

“For many years BBB Wise Giving Alliance has encouraged donors to verify their trust in charities by considering the full picture of an organization’s performance and not just financial ratios,” said Art Taylor, President & CEO, BBB Wise Giving Alliance, “We also believe that charities have a responsibility to steer donors towards a better understanding of their activities and accomplishments and look forward to helping them share that message.”

“Our campaign to end the Overhead Myth and move toward an Overhead Solution will become a dead end if we don’t encourage, engage, empower and inspire the nonprofit sector to change course and begin to become more results focused,” said Ken Berger, President & CEO of Charity Navigator. “Everyone involved in the sector must join together to do whatever it takes to become adaptive and learning organizations that build the capacity to manage and measure toward better results and to then share that information with the donors of America”

To learn more about the Overhead Myth campaign and get involved, please visit www.overheadmyth.com.

About BBB Wise Giving Alliance

BBB Wise Giving Alliance (BBB WGA) is a standards-based charity evaluator that seeks to verify the trustworthiness of nationally-soliciting charities by completing rigorous evaluations based on 20 holistic standards that address charity governance, effectiveness reporting, finances, fund raising, appeal accuracy, and other issues. Learn more about the 20 BBB Charity Standards and about local charity review at local Better Business Bureaus at Give.org.

About Charity Navigator

Charity Navigator, www.charitynavigator.org, a non-profit 501 (c) (3) organization itself, works to guide intelligent giving. The organization does this by evaluating dozens of metrics that assess the Financial Health and Accountability & Transparency of 8,000 charities. By guiding intelligent giving, the organization aims to advance a more efficient and responsive philanthropic marketplace, in which givers and the charities they support work in tandem to overcome our nation’s and the world’s most persistent challenges.

About GuideStar

GuideStar, www.guidestar.org, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit that connects people and organizations with information on the programs, finances, and impact of more than 1.8 million IRS-recognized nonprofits. GuideStar serves a wide audience inside and outside the nonprofit sector, including individual donors, nonprofit leaders, grantmakers, government officials, academic researchers, and the media.

July 17, 2020
Wise Giving Wednesday: Advocacy Organizations in the Spotlight
Whether it’s gun control, abortion, civil rights, environmental issues and other causes, some organizations engaged in advocacy issues are reporting a spike in contributions in recent weeks as reported in The Chronicle of Philanthropy. While it is too early to tell if this is a short term or long term phenomenon, advocacy groups will likely do their best to help maintain and grow this interest. No matter which side of the political aisle you reside, here are some tips to consider before you get out your checkbook or type your credit card number on a donation page.
1. 501(c)(3) or 501(c)(4)? Some advocacy groups are tax exempt as charitable organizations under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. In many cases, they are engaged in educational activities that fall under the scope of the IRS definition of charity. Contributions to such groups are generally just as deductible as gifts to other charities. On the other hand, some advocacy organizations are tax exempt under section 501(c)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code which is the section that defines civic leagues and other organizations engaged in promoting social welfare. While it is okay to donate to 501(c)(4) organizations, contributions to them are not deductible as charitable gifts.
2. Can a charity be engaged in lobbying activities? As reported on the IRS website, “In general, no organization may qualify for section 501(c)(3) status if a substantial part of its activities is attempting to influence legislation…Organizations may however, involve themselves in issues of public policy without the activity being considered as lobbying” – for example, educational meetings. However, the IRS allows 501(c)(3) organizations to conduct some lobbying activities according to a formula outlined in Section 501(h) of the Internal Revenue Code which is based on the size of the organization. In contrast, 501(c)(4) organizations can engage in unlimited lobbying but such activities must help advance its tax-exempt purpose.
3. Accuracy and advocacy. Sometimes advocacy organizations send out direct mail appeals that request recipients to sign a petition and return it with a check. If so, read the appeal carefully to see how the petition will be used and if the contents are specific enough to influence the targeted recipient. In some cases, petitions may be used to encourage donations rather than change minds.
4. Charity advocacy and trust. Of course, if the advocacy group is tax exempt as a 501(c)(3) organization, visit Give.org to verify if it meets the 20 BBB Standards for Charity Accountability .
On a related note, as part of our Building Trust Video Series we are pleased to provide a video featuring Dr. Michael Jacobsen, Executive Director of Center for Science in the Public Interest, (a BBB data-sf-ec-immutable=”” Accredited Charity). The Center seeks to conduct research and advocacy programs in health and nutrition and to provide consumers with current, useful information about their health and well-being.

We are always working with charities to publish or update reports for donors. Visit Give.org or local BBBs to check out any charity before giving. Our recently evaluated charities include:
Finally, remember to let us know by going to https://www.give.org/ask-us-about-a-charity1/ if you are interested in seeing a report on a charity not on the list and we will do our best to produce one.

H. Art Taylor, President & CEO
BBB Wise Giving Alliance
July 17, 2020
Wise Giving Wednesday: Giving at the Office
Workplace giving campaigns continue to be a significant player in charitable giving, generating several billion dollars annually. A number of years ago this mainly consisted of employees pledging a gift and having the donation deducted from their paycheck over time to the designated combined campaign, usually the local United Way. Today, technological advances, generational differences, alternative combined campaigns and other significant influences, have evolved workplace giving to year-round opportunities, matching donations, volunteer opportunities, events and giving packages tailored to specific causes. In considering today’s workplace giving environment, here are some potential issues to keep in mind.

Differing Costs

The fees charged for the administrative costs in handling campaign contributions can vary from one combined campaign to the next. A company or employee selecting a campaign, however, may want to consider the potential value added by the campaign organizers in their efforts to connect workplaces and charities. As noted, some offices may seek variety in their charity contribution choices.

Seeking Confirmation of Results

Increasingly, younger contributors in the workplace are seeking confirmation that their generosity is making a difference. Charities that are adept at sharing their impact stories have a better chance of getting the attention of such donors.

Engagement

Engagement has become the buzz word for successful workplace giving. From local charity volunteer opportunities for employees to creating donation packages focused on a popular cause, such as environmental concerns, workplace giving has become, for some companies, more of a cafeteria selection of donation choices.

Verifying Trustworthiness

Recently, BBB’s Give.org and Community Health Charities (CHC) joined forces to promote transparency and high standards of conduct among charities that participate in CHC’s workplace giving campaigns. As part of a new agreement, participants in CHC campaigns are asked to submit information to BBB’s Give.org and will work towards meeting all 20 of the BBB Standards for Charity Accountability. There is no charge to these charities to participate in these accountability reviews.

For more information about workplace giving, see the Wise Giving Guide cover story on this topic.

Video of the Week

As part of our Building Trust Video Series, we are pleased to provide a video featuring Thomas G. Bognanno, President & CEO of Community Health Charities (a BBB Accredited Charity). This organization has one of the largest workplace giving programs in the U.S. and during the past five years helped distribute more than $400 million to its nearly 2,000 member charities which focus on health issues.

Recent Reports

We are always working with charities to publish or update reports for donors. Visit Give.org or local BBBs to check out any charity before giving. Our recently evaluated charities include:
Finally, remember to let us know by going to https://www.give.org/ask-us-about-a-charity1/ if you are interested in seeing a report on a charity not on the list and we will do our best to produce one.

H. Art Taylor, President & CEO
BBB Wise Giving Alliance
July 17, 2020
BBB’s Give.org Advises Donors to Avoid Misconceptions on #GivingTuesday

Arlington, VA (November 26, 2018) – Donors are more apt to give during the holiday season than any other time of the year. As contributors participate in #GivingTuesday on November 27^th, donors should consider the following public misconceptions that were identified in the recently released Give.org Donor Trust Report produced by BBB’s Give.org.

1. Don’t assume that charity size and regional scope signal trustworthiness. 67 percent of survey respondents said they trust local charities more than national and 62% trust small organizations more than large ones. In BBB’s Give.org’s experience, however, charities of all sizes and scope demonstrate good and bad accountability practices.

2. Don’t assume verifying trust is easy. The Give.org Donor Trust Report shows that younger generations are more likely than older donors to believe that verifying trust is easy and can be accomplished by examining the charity’s appeal alone. Verifying charity trustworthiness is more complex. Donors are encouraged to check out charities at Give.org to verify if they meet the 20 BBB Standards for Charity Accountability which address charity governance, finances, results reporting and solicitation practices.

3. Don’t rely on stories and passion alone in assessing trust. The survey results also indicate that 46% of Generation Z (ages 18 and 19) and 32% of Millennials (ages 20-36) tend to attribute trust to those organizations that demonstrate more apparent passion and sincerity in the appeal. In BBB’s Give.org view, such indicators are not a reliable means to verify trust and could lead younger donors vulnerable to questionable solicitations.

4. Don’t focus excessively on financial ratios. While financial ratios are an important part of a charity’s overall picture, excessive focus on low overhead spending can be misguided and potentially harmful to an organization’s capacity for service. Consider a more comprehensive view of a charity’s activities in order to make a wise giving decision.

This Give.org Donor Trust Report involved an online panel survey of 2,100 adults (18 and above) across the United States.

An infographic on donor misconceptions is available here.

About BBB Wise Giving Alliance:

BBB Wise Giving Alliance (BBB’s Give.org) is a standards-based charity evaluator that seeks to verify the trustworthiness of nationally-soliciting charities by completing rigorous evaluations based on 20 holistic standards that address charity governance, results reporting, finances, fundraising, appeal accuracy and other issues. National charity reports are produced by the BBB WGA and local charity reports are produced by local Better Business Bureaus – all reports are available at Give.org.

ABOUT BBB:

For more than 100 years, the Better Business Bureau has been helping people find businesses, brands and charities they can trust. In 2017, people turned to BBB more than 160 million times for BBB Business Profiles on more than 5.2 million businesses and Charity Reports on 11,000 charities, all available for free at bbb.org. The Council of Better Business Bureaus is the umbrella organization for the local, independent BBBs in the United States, Canada and Mexico, as well as home to its national and international programs on dispute resolution, advertising review, and industry self-regulation.

MEDIA CONTACTS: For more information, journalists should contact Katherine Hutt (212-705-0131 or khutt@council.bbb.org) or Bennett Weiner (703-247-9323 or bweiner@give.org)

July 17, 2020
BBB WGA’s CEO Blogs About #GivingTuesday on Huffington Post

BBB WGA’s CEO, Art Taylor, shares his personal experience with charity and encourages everyone to give wisely this #GivingTuesday in a guest blog on Huffington Post

July 17, 2020
Wise Giving Wednesday: Charity Concerts & Contributions
With the arrival of spring my thoughts fast forward to warmer weather and a break with cabin fever. I think of all the yard work to be done but the fun times too that attach to being outdoors. I have promised myself that this year I will attend more outdoor concerts. Many towns have music festivals that draw popular acts and large crowds over many days. These events provide entertainment but also stimulate local economies. Some also provide a benefit to charity. Almost 30 years ago, perhaps the mother of all fundraising concerts took place in my home town.

Live Aid was a charity benefit concert that was actually held in 2 venues – the now demolished JFK Stadium in Philadelphia, PA and Webley Stadium in London. I still remember the buzz the event created around town. While I was not able to attend the event in person, I did drive near enough to the stadium to hear the music and 100,000 cheering fans. Live Aid was also broadcast so those of us who could not go were able to watch on TV. An estimated 1.9 billion of us from 150 countries did. The concert’s 58 acts graciously took no fees and raised $283 million for famine relief. We take a closer look at charity concerts here.

Today benefit concerts are more commonplace, charities hope not only to raise funds but to increase awareness of their causes. It also seems new challenges arise for charities orchestrating these events. For example, a concert held in 2012 to benefit the victims of Hurricane Sandy raised $30 million. It could have taken in more if not for ticket scalpers who acquired large blocks of tickets and then sold them for many times more than they purchased them. Floor seats at Madison Square Garden were reportedly scalped for tens of thousands of dollars. Can you believe the nerve of some people? After learning this we came up with a list of things for people to consider when participating in a benefit concert. Here is a sample:
1. Check out the benefit concert charities. Do they meet BBB Charity Standards? Visit Give.org
2. Will gifts be restricted to a specific disaster or event? Don’t assume unless specified.
3. Do the charity sponsors have the skills and experience to carry out the promised charitable activities?
4. Don’t assume merchandise sold at the concert (e.g. t-shirts, etc.) will benefit the participating charities unless they are authorized and specify otherwise.
5. Watch out for ticket scalpers. Inflated ticket prices they charge will not provide more benefit to the sponsored charity.
Hit me up on Twitter @wisegiving with some of your favorite benefit concert stories. Use #wisegivingwed to let others know, too.

We are always working with charities to publish or update reports for donors. Visit Give.org to check out any charity before giving. Our recently evaluated charities include:

Goodwill Industries International

Prader-Willi Syndrome Association

Susan G. Komen for the Cure

World Resources Institute

Zonta International Foundation

Finally, remember to let us know by going to https://www.give.org/ask-us-about-a-charity1/ if you are interested in seeing a report on a charity not on the list and we will do our best to produce one.

H. Art Taylor, President & CEO
BBB Wise Giving Alliance
July 17, 2020